New records of soil mites from Pakistan, with description of a new species (Acari: Laelapidae)

Document Type : Original Article

Authors

1 Department of Plant Protection, Ghazi University, Dera Ghazi Khan, Punjab, Pakistan

2 Australian National Insect Collection, CSIRO, GPO Box 1700, Canberra ACT 2601, Australia

3 Department of Entomology, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan

Abstract
This paper records six species and five genera of mites in the family Laelapidae from soil in Punjab, Pakistan. Five species are recorded from Pakistan for the first time – Euandrolaelaps karawaiewi (Berlese, 1904), Gaeolaelaps minor (Costa, 1968), Gymnolaelaps kabitae Bhattacharyya, 1968, Ololaelaps translineatus (Barilo, 1991), and Stratiolaelaps scimitus (Womersley, 1956). Cosmolaelaps lutosus sp. nov. is described as a new species.

Keywords


Allred, D.M. (1969) New mesostigmatid mites from Pakistan with keys to genera and species. Journal of Medical Entomology, 6: 219–244. DOI: 10.1093/jmedent/6.3.219
Allred, D.M. (1970) Two new mites (Laelapidae) from West Pakistan. Journal of Medical Entomology, 7: 107–111. DOI: 10.1093/jmedent/7.1.107
Allred, D.M. (1975) Mites from mammals of West Pakistan. Pakistan Journal of Scientific and Industrial Research, 18: 124–132.
Asiry, K.A. & Fetoh, B.E.A. (2014) Occurrence of ectoparasitic arthropods associated with rodents in Hail region northern Saudi Arabia. Environmental Science and Pollution Research, 21: 10120–10128. DOI: 10.1007/s11356-014-3016-3
Athias-Henriot, C. (1969) Notes sur la morphologie externe des Gamasides (Acariens, Anactino-triches). Acarologia, 11: 609–625.
Athias-Henriot, C. (1971) La divergence néotaxique des Gamasides (Arachnides). Bulletin Scientifi-que de Bourgogne, 28: 93–106.
Athias-Henriot, C. (1975) Nouvelles notes sur les Amblyseiini. 2. Le relevé organotaxique de la face dorsale adulte (gamasides, protoadéniques, Phytoseiidae). Acarologia, 17: 20–29.
Babaeian, E., Ghobari, H. & Samani, K.M. (2019) Redescription of Ololaelaps tasmanicus (Womersley, 1956) and description of a new species of Ololaelaps Berlese (Acari: Laelapidae) from Iran. Zootaxa, 4629(3): 351–364. DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4629.3.3
Bai, X.-L., Gu, Y.-M. & Wang, Z.-C. (1996) A new species of the genus Ololaelaps (Acari: Laelapidae) from China. Entomotaxonomia, 18: 74–76.
Barilo, A.B. (1991) New species of the soil laelapid mites (Parasitiformes, Laelapidae) from Middle Asia. Vestnik Zoologii, 1: 13–17.
Beaulieu, F. (2009) Review of the mite genus Gaeolaelaps Evans & Till (Acari: Laelapidae), and description of a new species from North America, G. gillespiei n. sp. Zootaxa, 2158: 33–49. DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.2158.1.3
Beaulieu, F., Quintero-Gutiérrez, E.J., Sandmann, D., Klarner, B., Widyastuti, R., Cómbita-Heredia, O. & Scheu, S. (2019) Review of the mite genus Ololaelaps (Acari, Laelapidae) and redescription of O. formidabilis Berlese. Zookeys, 853: 1–36. DOI:10.3897/zookeys.853.29407
Berlese, A. (1892) Acari Myriopoda et Scorpiones hucusque in Italia reperta. Ordo Mesostigmata (Gamasidae). Sumptibus Auctoris, Patavii, 143 pp. + 11 Plates.
Berlese, A. (1903) Diagnosi di alcuni nuove specie di Acari italiani, mirmecofili e liberi. Zoologischer Anzeiger, 27: 12–28.
Berlese, A. (1904a) Acari nuovi. Manipulus II.us. Redia, 1: 258–280.
Berlese, A. (1904b) Illustrazione iconografica degli Acari mirmecofili. Redia, 1: 299–474 + Plates 7–20.
Berlese, A. (1904c) Acari nuovi. Manipulus III. Redia, 2: 10–32 + Plates I–II.
Berlese, A. (1916) Centuria seconda di Acari nuovi. Redia, 12: 125–177.
Berlese, A. (1920) Centuria quinta di Acari nuovi. Redia, 14: 143–195.
Bhattacharyya, S.K. (1968) Studies on Indian mites (Acarina: Mesostigmata). 6. Six records and descriptions of nine new species. Acarologia, 10: 527–549.
Bhattacharyya, S. (1999) New records of arthropods associated with the birds’ nests in India. Environment and Ecology, 17: 685–692.
Bregetova, N.G. (1956) [Gamasid Mites (Gamasoidea). A Brief Guide]. Zoological Institute, USSR Academy of Sciences, Moscow, 247 pp.
Bregetova, N.G. (1977) Family Laelaptidae Berlese, 1892. In: Ghilyarov, M.S. & Bregetova, N.G. (Eds.), Key to the Soil Inhabiting Mites. Mesostigmata. Nauka, Leningrad, pp. 483–554.
Bregetova, N.G. & Koroleva, E.V. (1964) Mites of the genus Ololaelaps Berlese, 1904 (Acarina: Laelaptidae). Parazitologicheskii Sbornik, 22: 61–87.
Bukva, V. & Amin, A. (1983) New findings of mesostigmatic mites from rodents in the territory of Afghanistan. Folia Parasitologia, 30: 381–383.
Canestrini, G. (1884) Prospetto dell'acarofauna Italiana. Atti del Reale Istituto Veneto di Scienze, Lettere ed Arti, Series 6, 2: 1563–1607.
Castagnoli, M. & Pegazzano, F. (1985) Catalogue of the Berlese Acaroteca. Istituto Sperimentale per la Zoologia Agraria, Firenze, 490 pp.
Chaudhury, S., Gupta, S.K. & Saha, G.K. (2010) Description of two new species of mites of the family Laelapidae (Acari: Mesostigmata) from rat burrow in West Bengal, India. Proceedings of the Zoological Society (Kolkata), 63: 135–139. DOI:10.1007/s12595-010-0019-z
Costa, M. (1968) Little known and new litter-inhabiting laelapine mites (Acari: Mesostigmata) from Israel. Israel Journal of Zoology, 17: 1–30.
Daniel, M. (1977) Mesostigmatid mites of small mammals from the Hindu Kush, Afghanistan. Folia Parasitologia, 24: 353–366.
El-Bahrawy, A.A. F. & Al-Dakhil, M.A. (1993) Studies on the interrelation between rodents and their ectoparasitic acarines in Riyadh Region, Saudi Arabia. Journal of the Egyptian Society of Parasitology, 23: 675–685.
Evans, G.O. (1963) Observations on the chaetotaxy of the legs in the free-living Gamasina (Acari: Mesostigmata). Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History) Zoology, 10(5): 277–303.
Evans, G.O. & Till, W.M. (1966) Studies on the British Dermanyssidae (Acari: Mesostigmata). Part II. Classification. Bulletin of the British Museum (Natural History) Zoology, 14(5): 109–370.
Evans, G.O. & Till, W.M. (1979) Mesostigmatic mites of Britain and Ireland (Chelicerata: Acari–Parasitiformes). An introduction to their external morphology and classification. Transactions of the Zoological Society of London, 35: 139–270. DOI: 10.1111/j.1096-3642.1979.tb00059.x
Farrier, M.H. & Hennessey, M.K. (1993) Soil-inhabiting and free-living Mesostigmata (Acari-Parasitiformes) from North America. An annotated checklist with bibliography and index. Technical Bulletin, Agricultural Research Service, North Carolina State University, 302: 1–408.
Fouly, A.H. & Al-Rehiayani, S.M. (2011) Predaceous mites in Al-Qassim Region, Saudi Arabia, with description of two new laelapid species (Acari: Gamasida: Laelapidae). Journal of Entomology, 8: 139–151. DOI:10.3923/je.2011.139.151
Fouly, A.H. & Al-Rehiayani, S.M. (2014) A new laelapid mite Cosmolaelaps qassimensis sp. nov. (Gamasida: Laelapidae) from agro-ecosystem in Saudi Arabia. Journal of Entomology, 11: 261–272. DOI:10.3923/je.2014.261.272
Ghaffar, A., Bashir, M.H., Khan, B.S. & Javed, N. (2019) Intercropping impact against the diversity of mesostigmatid mites in citrus soils of Punjab, Pakistan. Pakistan Journal of Agricultural Science, 56: 913–919.
Ghaffar, A., Bashir, M.H., Khan, B.S. & Javed, N. (2020) Diversity of soil inhabiting Mesostigmata (Acari) of citrus orchards from Punjab, Pakistan. International Journal of Agriculture and Biology, 24: 112–116.
Halliday, B., Kamran, M. & Bashir, M.H. (2018) Checklist of the mites of Pakistan. Zootaxa, 4464 (1): 1–178. DOI:10.11646/zootaxa.4464.1.1
Hasanvand, I., Rahmati, M., Jafari, S., Pourhosseini, L., Chamaani, N. & Louni, M. (2014) Fauna of some mesostigmatic mites (Acari: Mesostigmata) in Khorramabad Region, Lorestan province, Iran. International Journal of Advanced Biological and Biomedical Research, 2: 2867–2873.
Hassan, M.F. (1989) A new species of the genus Ololaelaps Berlese (Laelapidae: Acari). Annals of Agricultural Science, Moshtohor, 27: 593–598.
Hussein, A.M., Ali, F.S., Abou Setta, M.M. & Allam, S.A. (2003) Biological studies on the soil predatory mite Ololaelaps nasri Hassan (Laelapidae: Mesostigmata). Egyptian Journal of Agricultural Research, 81: 67–82. DOI: 10.21608/ejar.2003.276057
Joharchi, O. & Halliday, B. (2013) A new species and new records of Gymnolaelaps Berlese from Iran (Acari: Laelapidae), with a review of the species occurring in the Western Palaearctic Region. Zootaxa, 3646(1): 39–50. DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.3646.1.3
Joharchi, O. & Halliday, B. (2020) Supplementary descriptions of thirteen species of soil mites (Mesostigmata: Laelapidae). Persian Journal of Acarology, 9: 23–42. DOI: 10.22073/pja.v9i1.5 8256
Joharchi, O., Babaeian, E. & Jalalizand, A. (2016) Review of the genus Laelaspisella Marais & Loots, with the description of a new species from Iran (Acari, Laelapidae). Zookeys, 549: 13–22. DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.549.6939
Joharchi, O., Ramroodi, S. & Halliday, B. (2020) Review of the genus Pogonolaelaps Nemati & Gwiazdowicz (Acari: Laelapidae), with description of a new species from Iran. Zootaxa, 4820(3): 465–484. DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4820.3.3
Karg, W. (1979) The genus Hypoaspis Canestrini, 1884 (Acarina, Parasitiformes). Zoologische Jahrbücher Abteilung für Systematik, Ökologie und Geographie der Tiere, 106: 65–104.
Karg, W. (1988) Die Arten der Raubmilbenuntergattung Cosmolaelaps Berlese, 1903 (Gattung Hypoaspis Canestrini, 1884, Acarina, Parasitiformes). Zoologische Jahrbücher. Abteilung für Systematik, Geographie und Biologie der Tiere, 115: 509–526.
Karg, W. (1989) Neue Raubmilbenarten der Gattung Pseudoparasitus Oudemans, 1902 (Acarina, Parasitiformes). Acarologia, 30: 333–339.
Karg, W. (1993) Acari (Acarina), Milben. Parasitiformes (Anactinochaeta). Cohors Gamasina Leach. Raubmilben. Die Tierwelt Deutschlands, 59: 1–523.
Karg, W. (2003) Neue Raubmilbenarten aus dem tropischen Regenwald von Ecuador mit einem kritischen Beitrag zur Merkmalsevolution bei Gamasina (Acarina, Parasitiformes). Mitteilungen aus dem Museum für Naturkunde in Berlin, Zoologische Reihe, 79: 229–251. DOI: 10.1002/mmn z.4850790203
Karg, W. (2006) The systematics of Parasitiformes, especially of Gamasina Leach (Acarina), with new species from Ecuador. Mitteilungen aus dem Museum für Naturkunde in Berlin, Zoologische Reihe, 82: 140–169. DOI: 10.1002/mmnz.200600002
Kazemi, S. & Beaulieu, F. (2016) A new genus and species of Laelapidae (Acari: Mesostigmata) from Iran. Zootaxa, 4200(4): 487–500. DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4200.4.2
Kazemi, S. & Rajaei, A. (2013) An annotated checklist of Iranian Mesostigmata (Acari), excluding the family Phytoseiidae. Persian Journal of Acarology, 2: 63–158.
Kazemi, S., Paktinat-Saeij, S. & Saberi, S. (2020) Description of a new species of Gaeolaelaps Evans & Till (Mesostigmata: Laelapidae) from northern Iran, supplementary information on G. deinos (Zeman) and redescription of G. schusteri (Hirschmann). Systematic & Applied Acarology, 25: 1969–1987. DOI: 10.11158/saa.25.11.4
Khan, A.K., Bashir, M.H., Khan, B.S. & Javed, N. (2017) Biodiversity of soil inhabiting Mesostigmata (Arachnida: Acari) from different agro-ecological zones of Punjab, Pakistan. Pakistan Journal of Zoology, 49: 677–683. DOI: 10.17582/journal.pjz/2017.49.2.677.683
Koyumdjieva, M.I. (1981) Gamasoid mites (Gamasoidea, Parasitiformes) from bird’s nests in Bulgaria. Acta Zoologica Bulgarica, 18: 78–80.
Krantz, G.W. (1998) A new genus and two new species of hypoaspidine mites (Acari: Laelapidae) associated with old world carpenter bees of the tribe Xylocopini (Hymenoptera: Apidae: Xylocopa). International Journal of Acarology, 24: 291–300. DOI: 10.1080/0164795980868359 5
Lindquist, E.E. & Evans, G.O. (1965) Taxonomic concepts in the Ascidae, with a modified setal nomenclature for the idiosoma of the Gamasina (Acarina: Mesostigmata). Memoirs of the Entomological Society of Canada, 47: 1–64. DOI: 10.4039/entm9747fv
Lindquist E.E., Krantz, G.W. & Walter, D.E. (2009) Order Mesostigmata. In: Krantz, G.W. & Walter, D.E. (Eds.), A Manual of Acarology. Third Edition, Texas Tech University Press, Lubbock, Texas, pp. 124–232.
Liu, Z.-J. & Zhang, J.-J. (2011) Small-sinica of Laelapidinae Berlese in Northwest China. Chinese Journal of Hygienic Insecticides and Equipment, 17: 277–282.
Ma, L.-M. (1995) Five new records of Gamasine mites from China (Acari: Mesostigmata). Acta Arachnologica Sinica, 4: 159–160.
Ma, L.-M. (2015) Discovery of the genus Pristolaelaps in China, with descriptions of a new species and a new record (Acari: Mesostigmata: Laelapidae). Acta Arachnologica Sinica, 24: 95–97.
Mahjoori, M., Hajizadeh, J. & Abbasii Mozhdehi, M.R. (2014) Mites of the family Laelapidae (Acari: Mesostigmata) associated with olive orchards in Guilan Province Iran. Linzer Biologische Beiträge, 46: 1599–1606.
Marais, J.F. & Loots, G.C. (1969) Laelaspisella, a new dermanyssid genus (Acari: Mesostigmata) from the Ethiopean Region. Wetenskaplike Bydraes van die Potchefstroom University for C.H.E. Reeks B: Natuurwetenskappe, 4: 1–10.
Michael, A.D. (1891) On the association of gamasids with ants. Proceedings of the Zoological Society of London, 4: 638–654 + Plates XLIX–L.
Moraes, G.J. de, Moreira, G.F., Freire, R.A.P., Beaulieu, F., Klompen, H. & Halliday, B. (2022) Catalogue of the free-living and arthropod-associated Laelapidae Canestrini (Acari: Mesostigmata), with revised generic concepts and a key to genera. Zootaxa, 5184: 1–509. DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5184.1.1
Moreira, G.F. & de Moraes, G.J. de (2015) The potential of free-living laelapid mites (Mesostigmata: Laelapidae) as biological control agents. In: Carillo, D., Moraes, G.J. de & Pena, J.E. (Eds.), Prospects for biological control of plant feeding mites and other harmful organisms. Springer International Publishing, Switzerland, pp. 77–102. DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-15042-0_3
Mrciak, M. (1963) O vzťahoch niektorých druhov roztočov (Gamasoidea) k malým cicavcom a biotopom v Ondavskej vrchovine. Acta Facultatis Rerum Naturalium Universititatis Comenianae. Zoologia, 7: 437–532.
Nemati, A. & Gwiazdowicz, D.J. (2016a) Description of a new species of Cosmolaelaps Berlese and the male of C. brevipedestra (Karg) from Iran, with notes on some other species of Cosmolaelaps Berlese (Acari: Laelapidae). Zootaxa, 4066(5): 535–551. DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4066.5.2
Nemati, A. & Gwiazdowicz, D.J. (2016b) A new genus and species of Laelapidae from Iran with notes on Gymnolaelaps Berlese and Laelaspisella Marais & Loots (Acari, Mesostigmata). Zookeys, 549: 23–49. DOI: 10.3897/zookeys.549.6891
Nemati, A.R., Mossadegh, M.S. & Kamali, K. (2000) Some mites the Laelapidae (Acari: Mesostigmata) collected from ant and termite nests in Ahwaz region, Khuzestan Province. In: Behdad, E. (Ed.), Proceedings of the 14th Iranian Plant Protection Congress, Volume 1, Pests. Isfahan University of Technology, Iran, p. 381.
Nemati, A., Khalili-Moghadam, A. & Gwiazdowicz, D.J. (2019) A review of the genus Reticulolaelaps Costa and redescription of R. elsae (Joharchi, Babaeian & Jalalizand) comb. nov. Persian Journal of Acarology, 8: 77–99. DOI: 10.22073/pja.v8i2.43017
Oudemans, A.C. (1902) New list of Dutch Acari. Second part. Tijdschrift voor Entomologie, 45: 1–52 + Plates 1–6.
Pramanik, M.M. & Raychaudhuri, D.N. (1978) New records of mesostigmatid mites (Acari) from West Bengal, India. Acarology Newsletter, 6: 5–6.
Prasad, V. (1974) A catalogue of mites of India. Indira Publishing House, Ludhiana, 320 pp.
Qayyoum, M.A. & Khan, B.S. (2017) Poultry manure-inhabiting mites (Mesostigmata: Acari). Antenna, 41 (1): 6–10.
Salmane, I. (2001) A check-list of Latvian Gamasina mites (Acari, Mesostigmata) with short notes to their ecology. Latvijas Entomologs, 38: 27–38.
Sandhu, R., Jain, A.K. & Putatunda, B.N. (2005) New records of mesostigmatid mites of stored food products in Hisar, Haryana. Agricultural Science Digest, 25: 278–280.
Saxena, V.K. (1999) Mesostigmatid mite infestations of rodents in diverse biotopes of central and southern India. Journal of Parasitology, 85: 147–149.
Shcherbak, G.I. (1969). On study of the species Androlaelaps karawaiewi Berlese, 1903 (Parasitiformes, Gamasoidea). Vestnik Zoologii, 6: 79–82.
Tenorio, J.M. (1982) Hypoaspidinae (Acari: Gamasida: Laelapidae) of the Hawaiian Islands. Pacific Insects, 24: 259–274.
Van Aswegen, P.I.M. & Loots, G.C. (1970) A taxonomic study of the genus Hypoaspis Canestrini sens. lat. (Acari: Laelapinae) in the Ethiopian region. Publicações Culturais da Companhia de Diamantes de Angola, 82: 167–213
Walia, K.K. & Mathur, S. (1994) Acarine fauna of arable soils and their screening for nematophagy. Indian Journal of Nematology, 24: 69–79.
Walter, D.E. (1988) Nematophagy by soil arthropods from the shortgrass steppe, Chihuahuan Desert and Rocky Mountains of the Central United States. Agriculture, Ecosystems and Environment, 24: 307–316. DOI: 10.1016/0167-8809(88)90074-6
Walter, D.E. & Campbell, N.J.H. (2003) Exotic vs endemic biocontrol agents: would the real Stratiolaelaps miles (Berlese) (Acari: Mesostigmata: Laelapidae), please stand up? Biological Control, 26: 253–269. DOI: 10.1016/s1049-9644(02)00171-8
Walter, D.E., Hunt, H.W. & Elliott, E.T. (1988) Guilds or functional groups? An analysis of predatory arthropods from a shortgrass steppe soil. Pedobiologia, 31: 247–260. DOI: 10.1016/s0031-4056(23)02267-9
Womersley, H. (1956) On some new Acarina – Mesostigmata from Australia, New Zealand and New Guinea. Journal of the Linnean Society (Zoology), 42: 505–599. DOI: 10.1111/j.1096-3642.1956 .tb02218.x