Persian Journal of Acarology

Persian Journal of Acarology

Effectiveness of Calotropis procera(Apocynaceae) leaf extract and its fractionationsagainst Tetranychus urticae(Acari: Tetranychidae)

Authors
Sherin Hassan Mohammed Safar
Makram A. Sayed
Doaa F. El Sherif
Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Fayoum University, Fayoum 63514, Egypt
10.22073/pja.v13i2.84600
Abstract
In this study, toxicity of crude leaf extract of Calotropis procera (Aiton) (Apocynaceae) was assessed against Tetranychus urticae Koch (Acari: Tetranychidae) in laboratory conditions using the spraying method. The LC50 values after 24 hours of treatment were calculated as 3608.73 and 2277.02 mg/L for female and male mites respectively. These amounts after 48 hours of treatment were 2456.98 and 1671.2 mg/L. Results showed that the incubation period, total immature and life cycle durations of T. urticae were prolonged under the influence of the C. procera extract. The fecundity and hatchability percentages were significantly lower (18.2 eggs/females and 94.38%) compared to control (44.73 eggs/females and 99.47%), respectively. The reduction rate of T. urticae at different stages after 1, 3, 7, and 14 days of spraying showed that C. procera had a positive impact on mite population reduction that recorded 94.84 and 100% for females and males 14 days post-treatment. The methanolic extract of C. procera leaves was separated into 18 fractions. The 10th fraction exhibited 67, and 73% mortality, 48 and 72 hours post-treatment, respectively. Seventeen substances were identified in this fraction by using the GC-MS. These findings suggest that the leaf extract of C. procera which contains different novel compounds has the potential to be used for controlling T. urticae in the future.
Keywords
Apple of Sodom
botanical acaricide
GC-MS analysis
identification components
two-spotted spider mite
Persian Journal of Acarology
Volume 13, Issue 2
Spring 2024
Pages 335-348