Alekseev, A.N. & Dubinina, E.V. (2004) Eurasian Ixodes tick types, their properties and vector capacity. Acarina, 12(2): 121–139.
Alekseev, A.N., Dubinina, E.V. & Yushkova, O.V. (2008) Functioning of “tick-causative agents” parasitic system in conditions of increasing anthropogenous pressure. Insanta, S-Peterburg, pp. 146.
Belozerov, V.N. (2003) Effect of juvenoids and retinoic acid on the development or larva and nymphs of the tick Ixodes ricinus L. (Acari: Ixodidae) and regeneration of Haller’s organ during metamorphosis. Ontogenez, 34(1): 50–60.
Belozerov, V.N. (2004) Effect of methoprene and retinoic acid on characteristics of Haller’s organ regeneration in the tick Haemaphysalis longicornis (Acari, Ixodidae). Ontogenez, 35(3): 213–219.
Brumpt, E. (1934) Un mâle monstrueux d’Amblyomma dissimile à deux anus, obtenu dans un élevage. Description de divers autres cas tératologiques observés chez les ixodinés. Annales de Parasitologie Humaine et Comparée, 12(2): 105–115.
Buczek, A. (2000) Experimental teratogeny in the tick Hyalomma marginatum marginatum (Acari: Ixodida: Ixodidae): effect of high humidity on embryonic development. Journal of Medical Entomology, 37(6): 807–814.
Buczek, A., Bartosik, K. & Kuczyński, P. (2013) Evaluation of the effect of various concetrations of selected pyrethroids on the development of Dermacentor reticulatus eggs and larvae. Annals of Agricultural and Environmental Medicine, 20: 447–451.
Campana-Rouget, Y. (1959) La tératologie des tiques. Annales de Parasitologie Humaine et Compare, 34: 209–260. DOI: 10.1051/parasite/1959341209
Chitimia-Dobler, L. & Pfeffer, M. (2017) Gynandromorphism and local morphological abnormali-ties in Dermacentor reticulatus (Acari: Ixodidae). Systematic and Applied Acarology, 4: 449–455. DOI: 10.11158/saa.22.4.1
Chitimia-Dobler, L., Bestehorn, M., Bröker, M., Borde, J., Molcanyi, T., Andersen, N.S., Pfeffer, M. & Dobler, G. (2017) Morphological anomalies in Ixodes ricinus and Ixodes inopinatus collected from tick-borne encephalitis natural foci in Central Europe. Experimental and Applied Acarology, 72: 379–397. DOI: 10.1007/s10493-017-0163-5
Estrada-Peña, A. (2001) Abnormal development of Rhipicephalus sanguineus (Ixodidae). Experi-mental and Applied Acarology, 25: 757–761. DOI: 10.1023/A:1016310214918
Filippova, N.A. (1977) Ixodid ticks (Ixodinae). Fauna USSR New Seria 4 (4). Nauka, Moscow, 396 pp.
Glashchinskaya-Babenko, L.V. (1956) Ixodes lividus Koch, as a representative of ixodid burrow mites. Ektoparazity, 3: 21–105.
Guglielmone, A.A., Castella, J., Mangold, A.J., Estrada-Peña, A. & Viñabal, E.A. (1999) Phenotypic anomalies in a collection of neotropical ticks (Ixodidae). Acarologia, 40: 127–132.
Kar, S., Akyildiz, G., Yilmazer, N., Shaibi, T., Gargili, A. & Vatansever, Z. (2015) External morphological anomalies in ixodid ticks from Thrace, Turkey. Experimental and Applied Acarology, 67: 457–466. DOI: 10.1007/s10493-015-9948-6
Kernif, F., Leulmi, H., Raoult, D. & Parola, P. (2016) Emerging tick-borne bacterial pathogens. Microbiology Spectrum, 4(3): 1–11. DOI: 10.1128/microbiolspec.EI10-0012-2016
Keskin, A. (2018) New teratological tick specimens (Acari: Ixodidae) from Turkey. KSÜ Doğa Bilimleri Dergisi, 21(1): 88–90. DOI: 10.18016/ksudobil.291077
Labruna, M.B., Homem, V.S.F., Heinemann, M.B. & Ferreira Neto, J.S. (2000) A case of gynandryomorphism in Amblyomma oblongoguttatum (Acari: Ixodidae). Journal of Medical Entomology, 37(5): 777–779. DOI: 10.1603/0022-2585-37.5.777
Labruna, M.B., Ribeiro, A.F., Cruz, M.V., Camargo, L.M.A. & Camargo, E.P. (2002) Gynandro-morphism in Amblyomma cajennense and Rhipicephalus sanguineus (Acari: Ixodidae). Journal of Parasitology, 88: 810–811. DOI: 10.1645/0022-3395(2002)088[0810:GIACAR]2.0.CO;2
Larson, S.R. & Paskewitz, S.M. (2016) Teratological nymphal Ixodes scapularis (Acari: Ixodidae) from Wisconsin. Journal of Medical Entomology, 53: 477–479. DOI: 10.1093/jme/tjv198
Latif, A.A., Dhadialla, T.S. & Newson, R.M. (1988) Abnormal development of Amblyomma variegatum (Acarina: Ixodidae). Journal of Medical Entomology, 25: 142–143. DOI: 10.1093/ jmedent/25.2.142
Nowak-Chmura, M. (2012) Teratological changes in tick morphology in ticks feeding on exotic reptiles. Journal of Natural History, 46: 911–921. DOI: 10.1080/00222933.2011.651635
Nuttall, G.H. (1914) Tick abnormalities. Parasitology, 7(3): 250–257. DOI: 10.1017/S0031182000 009677
Pavlovsky, E.N. (1939) Monstrosities and abnormalities in the ticks Ixodoidea. Parazitologicheskij sbornik, 7: 7–44.
Prusinski, M.A., Mertins, J.W. & Meehan, L.J. (2015) Two gynandromorphs of Ixodes scapularis (Acari: Ixodidae) from New York State. Journal of Medical Entomology, 52(2): 278–282. DOI: 10.1093/jme/tjv009
Salman, M. & Tarrés-Call, J. (Eds.) (2013) Ticks and tick-borne diseases: geographical distribution and control strategies in the Euro-Asia region. CABI, Oxford, 292 pp.
Sénevet, G. (1922) Monstruosités chez deux tiques. Bulletin de la Société d'Histoire Naturelle d'Afrique du Nord, 13: 95.
Serra-Freire, N.M. & Borsoi, A.B.P. (2009) Malformação em teleógina de Rhipicephalus sanguineus recolhida em ambiente intradomiciliar, no Rio de Janeiro, RJ. Revista Brasileira de Parasitologia Veterinária, 18: 53–56. DOI: 10.4322/rbpv.01802012
Southwood, T.R.E. & Henderson, P.A. (2000) Ecological Methods. Blackwell Science, London, 575 pp.
Shiranovich, P.I., Mironova, N.P. & Fomicheva, A.S. (1950) Methods for collecting wingless parasites from rodent burrows. AS USSR, Moscow, 11 pp.
Slovák, M. & Vidlička, L. (2013) Hard tick (Acarina: Ixodidae) malformations. Entomofauna Carpathica, 25: 13–24.
Taank, V., Lattanzio, F.A., Sultana, H. & Neelakanta, G. (2021) Double anus in an Ixodes scapularis nymph, a medically important tick vector. Parasites & Vectors, 14(1): 1–5. DOI: 10.1186/s13071-021-04757-8
Tovornik, D. (1987) Teratological forms of ixodid ticks. Biološki vestnik, 35: 91–100 (In Russian).
Ren, Q., Chen, Z., Luo, J., Liu, G., Guan, G., Yin, H. & Luo, J. (2016) Abnormal development of Haemaphysalis qinghaiensis (Acari: Ixodidae). Journal of Insect Science, 16(1): 1–3. DOI: 10. 1093/jisesa/iew026
Verzhuckaja, Ju.A., Morozov, I.M., Dubinina, E.V., Fedorov, R.A. & Nikitin, A.Ja. (2020) Atlas of morphological variability of the exoskeleton of adult ticks of the genus Ixodes, the main carriers of tick-borne encephalitis virus and Borrelia. ISCST, Irkutsk, 69 pp.
Warburton, C. & Nuttall, G.H. (1909) On new species of Ixodidae, with a note on abnormalities observed in ticks. Parasitology, 2(1–2): 57–76.
Wei, F., Song, M., Liu, H., Wang, B., Wang, S., Wang, Z., Ma, H., Li, Z., Zeng, Z., Qian, J. & Liu, Q. (2016) Molecular detection and characterization of zoonotic and veterinary pathogens in ticks from North-Eastern China. Frontiers in Microbiology, 7: 1–11. DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2016. 01913
Zharkov, S.D., Dubinina, E.V., Alekseev, A.N. & Jensen, P.M. (2000) Anthropogenic pressure and changes in Ixodes tick populations in the Baltic region of Russia and Denmark. Acarina, 8: 137–141.
